Class 8 Science Chapter 13 Light

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I. Chapter Summary:

This chapter explores the nature, behavior, and properties of light, focusing on reflection, image formation by mirrors, and how we see objects. Students learn how light travels in a straight line, the differences between regular and diffused reflection, and the laws of reflection. The chapter also explains images formed by plane mirrors, multiple reflections, kaleidoscopes, and the structure and functioning of the human eye. The concept of blind spots, braille system, and defects in vision are also introduced.

II. Key Concepts Covered:

III. Important Questions:

(A) Multiple Choice Questions (1 Mark):

1. The angle of incidence is equal to:
   a) 0°
   b) 90°
   c) Angle of refraction
   d) Angle of reflection ✔️

2. A plane mirror forms an image that is:
   a) Real and inverted
   b) Virtual and erect ✔️
   c) Virtual and inverted
   d) Real and erect

3. Which instrument uses two plane mirrors?
   a) Microscope
   b) Periscope ✔️
   c) Telescope
   d) Thermometer

4. Which part of the eye controls the size of the pupil?
   a) Retina
   b) Iris ✔️
   c) Lens
   d) Cornea

(B) Short Answer Questions (2/3 Marks):

1. State the two laws of reflection. (PYQ 2020)

2. What is the difference between regular and diffused reflection? (PYQ 2019)

3. What is lateral inversion? Give an example.

4. Name two uses of kaleidoscope.

(C) Long Answer Questions (5 Marks):

1. Draw a neat diagram of the human eye. Explain its working. (PYQ 2021)

2. How are multiple reflections formed? Explain with an example.

3. Describe the braille system. How does it help visually impaired people?

4. Explain the image formation in a plane mirror and list its characteristics.

(D) HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills):

1. Why do we see ourselves in a mirror but not on a wall?

2. How would your image appear in a polished steel spoon? Explain.

IV. Key Formulas/Concepts:

V. Deleted Portions (CBSE 2025–2026):

No portions have been deleted from this chapter as per the rationalized NCERT textbooks.

VI. Chapter-Wise Marks Bifurcation (Estimated – CBSE 2025–2026):

VII. Previous Year Questions (PYQs):

VIII. Real-World Application Examples to Connect with Topics:

• Rearview mirrors in vehicles use convex mirrors to reflect a wider view.

• Periscopes used in submarines and trenches to see over obstacles.

• Kaleidoscopes in toys and decorative designs.

• Braille books and tablets empower blind students to read and learn.

IX. Student Tips & Strategies for Success (Class-Specific):

Time Management:

• Spend 10–15 minutes weekly revising laws of reflection and human eye parts.

• Practice drawing labeled diagrams of the eye and mirror images.

Exam Preparation:

• Memorize definitions, laws, and differences using tables or flashcards.

• Solve mirror image drawing problems and lateral inversion examples.

Stress Management:

• Use model mirrors and torches to observe real-life reflection at home.

• Include group learning activities to demonstrate concepts like periscope.

X. Career Guidance & Exploration (Class-Specific):

For Class 9–10 Students:

Explore:

• NTSE, Olympiads, STEM Fair Projects, CBSE Vision Health Drives

XI. Important Notes:

• Diagrams of eye, ray diagrams, and devices like kaleidoscope and periscope are frequently asked.

• Focus on real-life relevance of mirror use and vision correction.

• Always stay updated via ncert.nic.in and cbseacademic.nic.in.