Class 8 Social Science (Our Past III) Chapter 4 Tribals, Dikus And the Vision Of A Golden Age

In this quiz, students will explore the historical and social dynamics discussed in Chapter 4 of Class 8 Social Science (Our Past III), titled "Tribals, Dikus, and the Vision of a Golden Age." The chapter delves into the lives of tribal communities, their interactions with outsiders (referred to as 'Dikus'), and the impact of colonial rule on their traditions and way of life. It also examines the vision of a utopian golden age that many tribal communities sought as a means of resisting exploitation and cultural disruption. Through this quiz, students will gain a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by tribal people, including land alienation, forced labor, and the attempts to preserve their culture and autonomy. The quiz will assess knowledge on the historical events, key figures, and the socio-political movements that arose in response to these struggles. This assessment aims to reinforce the students' grasp of the chapter's themes while promoting critical thinking about the long-term effects of colonialism on indigenous populations.

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Category: Introduction

1. If the sum of three consecutive even numbers is 72, what is the largest number among them?

a. 22

b. 24

c. 26

d. 28

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Category: Who was Birsa Munda?

2. (A) Birsa Munda’s movement aimed at reforming tribal society by urging the Mundas to give up drinking liquor, clean their villages, and stop believing in witchcraft and sorcery.
(R) Birsa Munda saw missionaries and landlords as outside forces that were ruining the Munda way of life and wanted to drive them out.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Tribal leader from the Munda community in Chotanagpur (Jharkhand).

3. (A) Birsa Munda urged his followers to revive the practices of planting trees, constructing embankments, and cultivating their fields to restore the Munda way of life.
(R) Birsa Munda believed that the Munda community had lost its ancestral rights and that restoring these practices would help them regain their freedom from dikus and British rule.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Led a movement to free his people from the oppression of the dikus (outsiders).

4. Where did Birsa Munda grow up?

a. Around the forests of Bohonda

b. In a bustling city

c. Near the banks of the Ganges

d. In the Himalayan mountains

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Category: Believed in restoring the tribal way of life.

5. Which of the following was a significant outcome of Birsa Munda's movement?

a. The British abolished all land policies

b. The movement led to the abolition of Christianity

c. Laws were introduced to protect tribal lands from dikus

d. The movement resulted in the establishment of a new religion

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Category: Who were the Dikus?

6. Who were referred to as "dikus" by the tribal people?

a. Tribal leaders

b. Landlords, moneylenders, and British officials

c. Missionaries and traders

d. Local farmers

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Category: Term used by tribals for outsiders (moneylenders, traders, landlords, missionaries, British officials).

7. What was the significance of the white flag raised by Birsa Munda's followers?

a. A symbol of peace with the British

b. A symbol of Birsa Raj and self-governance \the representation of their alliance with missionaries

c. A sign of surrender to colonial rule

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Category: Seen as exploiters and destroyers of the tribal way of life.

8. What was the primary reason for Birsa Munda starting his movement against the British and dikus after his release from jail in 1897?

a. To gain political power and become the ruler of India

b. To protest against the unfair land policies and cultural criticism by the British and dikus

c. To establish a new religion among the tribal people

d. To negotiate peace with the British government

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Category: How Did Tribal Groups Live?

9. (A) Jhum cultivators practised shifting cultivation because it allowed them to maintain soil fertility over time.
(R) Shifting cultivation involves clearing small patches of land by burning vegetation, which fertilises the soil with potash from the ash.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Different Occupations of Tribals

10. What was the primary reason tribal groups like the Khonds relied on forests for their survival?

a. Access to modern agricultural tools

b. Availability of fertile plains for farming

c. Essential resources for food, medicine, and trade

d. Proximity to urban markets

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Category: Jhum Cultivation (Shifting Cultivation)

11. What is the primary reason for burning vegetation in jhum cultivation?

a. To increase the oxygen level in the soil

b. To clear the land and fertilise the soil with potash

c. To scare away wild animals

d. To create smoke signals for communication

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Category: Practiced in forests, involved clearing land by burning vegetation.

12. What is the primary purpose of burning vegetation in jhum cultivation?

a. To increase the amount of sunlight reaching the ground

b. To clear the land for cultivation and fertilise the soil

c. To attract wild animals for hunting

d. To prepare the land for building houses

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Category: Seeds scattered instead of ploughing.

13. (A) Jhum cultivators scattered seeds on the field instead of ploughing the land.
(R) Scattering seeds was more efficient and saved time for tribal people.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Common in northeast and central India.

14. How did the practice of shifting cultivation help tribal groups maintain soil fertility in forested areas?

a. By using chemical fertilizers extensively.

b. By leaving the land fallow for several years after cultivation.

c. By continuously cultivating the same land every year.

d. By irrigating the land with water from nearby rivers.

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Category: Hunting and Gathering

15. Why were the Baigas of central India reluctant to work as labourers for others?

a. They had a surplus of forest produce

b. They considered it below their dignity

c. They were not physically capable of laborious work

d. They were not allowed by local authorities

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Category: Hunting and Gathering

16. What was one of the primary uses of mahua flowers by the Khonds?

a. To build houses

b. To make alcohol or as food

c. To create tools

d. To dye clothes

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Category: Khonds of Orissa were expert hunters and gatherers.

17. What was the primary source of food for the Khonds of Orissa?

a. Agriculture

b. Fishing

c. Hunting and gathering

d. Trading

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Category: Khonds of Orissa were expert hunters and gatherers.

18. How did the Khonds contribute to the local economy through their interactions with weavers and leather workers?

a. They provided food to the weavers and leather workers

b. They sold forest produce like kusum and palash flowers

c. They taught weaving and leather crafting skills

d. They bought finished products from the weavers and leather workers

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Category: Collected forest products (fruits, roots, medicinal herbs).

19. According to Verrier Elwin, what activity did Baiga women perform during the Chait month?

a. Cutting large trees

b. Gathering fruits like sago and tamarind

c. Collecting roots or kanda and mahua seeds

d. Going on ritual hunts

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Category: Collected forest products (fruits, roots, medicinal herbs).

20. What did the Khonds tribe use to color their clothes and leather?

a. Chemical dyes

b. Kusum and palash flowers

c. Mineral pigments

d. Synthetic paints

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Category: Sold produce in local markets or exchanged goods.

21. What was a common method used by tribal groups to obtain rice and other grains that were not produced locally?

a. Through hunting and gathering

b. By working as permanent labourers in fields

c. Exchanging forest produce for grains

d. Borrowing money from traders without interest

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Category: Sold produce in local markets or exchanged goods.

22. (A) Tribal groups often needed to buy and sell goods in local markets to obtain items not produced within their locality.
(R) This dependence on traders and moneylenders often led to debt and poverty for tribal communities.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Herding and Animal Rearing

23. How did the lifestyle of pastoralist tribes like the Gaddis differ from that of agricultural communities?

a. They cultivated crops in permanent settlements

b. They moved seasonally with their herds

c. They traded spices with neighboring regions

d. They built permanent houses in forest areas

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Category: Herding and Animal Rearing

24. Which tribal group from Andhra Pradesh is associated with herding animals?

a. Van Gujjars

b. Labadis

c. Gaddis

d. Bakarwals

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Category: Van Gujjars (Punjab), Gaddis (Himachal), Bakarwals (Kashmir) raised livestock.

25. (A) The Van Gujjars of Punjab hills were primarily cattle herders.
(R) They moved with their herds of cattle according to the seasons to find fresh grazing grounds.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Van Gujjars (Punjab), Gaddis (Himachal), Bakarwals (Kashmir) raised livestock.

26. The Van Gujjars of the Punjab hills were primarily known for:

a. Rearing goats

b. Herding sheep

c. Farming crops

d. Herding cattle

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Category: Settled Cultivation

27. The Mundas of Chottanagpur practiced settled cultivation and had a unique system of land ownership. How was the land ownership structured among the Mundas?

a. Land was individually owned by the chiefs

b. Land was communally owned by the clan

c. Land was rented out to outsiders

d. Land was owned by the British officials

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Category: Settled Cultivation

28. Among the Mundas of Chottanagpur, who had the rights to the land?

a. Only the chiefs

b. All members of the clan

c. Only those who cultivated the land

d. British officials

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Category: Some tribes took up plough cultivation.

29. In the context of the Mundas of Chottanagpur, who had rights over the land according to their clan system?

a. Only the chiefs of the clan

b. Only the original settlers

c. All members of the clan

d. Only those who cultivated the land

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Category: Some tribes took up plough cultivation.

30. How did British officials view settled tribal groups compared to hunter-gatherers or shifting cultivators?

a. As less productive and inefficient

b. As more civilised and advanced

c. As dangerous and untrustworthy

d. As equal to hunter-gatherers

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Category: Mundas of Chotanagpur viewed land as belonging to the entire clan.

31. The Mundas of Chotanagpur viewed land as belonging to the entire clan. What was the primary reason for this belief?

a. The land was too vast for individual ownership.

b. They wanted to prevent external invasions.

c. All members were descendants of the original settlers who cleared the land.

d. The government mandated communal land ownership.

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Category: Mundas of Chotanagpur viewed land as belonging to the entire clan.

32. How did power dynamics evolve within the Munda clan in Chotanagpur?

a. Everyone had equal power regardless of status

b. Chiefs cultivated the land themselves

c. Powerful men rented out their land \land Chiefs sold their land to outsiders

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Category: Tribal Dependence on Traders and Moneylenders

33. In the eighteenth century, silk growers in Hazaribagh were paid ` 3 to ` 4 for a thousand cocoons by traders. These cocoons were exported and sold at five times the price in Burdwan or Gaya. If a trader sold 50,000 cocoons in Burdwan, how much profit did the trader make, assuming the cost price was ` 3 per thousand cocoons?

a. ` 150

b. ` 300

c. ` 450

d. ` 600

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Category: Tribal Dependence on Traders and Moneylenders

34. What was the primary reason for the economic exploitation of tribal silk growers in Hazaribagh during the 18th century?

a. The decline in demand for Indian silk

b. The involvement of middlemen who made huge profits

c. High wages paid to tribal workers

d. Government intervention in silk production

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Category: Tribals needed to buy grains and goods not produced in forests.

35. Why did tribal groups often end up in debt when dealing with traders and moneylenders?

a. High prices of goods sold by traders

b. Exorbitant interest rates on loans from moneylenders

c. Lack of alternative sources of income

d. Both high prices and high interest rates

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Category: Tribals needed to buy grains and goods not produced in forests.

36. How did tribal groups sometimes acquire rice and other grains that were not produced in the forests?

a. By working as labourers in villages

b. By exchanging forest produce for grains

c. By taking loans from moneylenders

d. By purchasing grains from traders at fair prices

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Category: Traders charged high prices, moneylenders gave loans at high interest rates.

37. (A) Tribal groups often saw traders and moneylenders as their main enemies.
(R) Traders and moneylenders charged high prices and offered loans at high interest rates, leading to debt and poverty among tribals.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Traders charged high prices, moneylenders gave loans at high interest rates.

38. A tribal group borrowed \$\$100\$ from a moneylender at an annual interest rate of \$50\%\$. If the loan was repaid after 2 years, what was the total amount repaid by the tribal group?

a. \$\$150\$

b. \$\$200\$

c. \$\$250\$

d. \$\$300\$

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Category: Resulted in debt and land loss.

39. Why were the Baigas of central India reluctant to work as labourers for others?

a. They lacked the skills required for labour work

b. They considered labour work beneath their dignity

c. They were already wealthy and did not need work

d. They preferred trading over manual labour

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Category: Resulted in debt and land loss.

40. (A) Tribal groups often faced debt and land loss due to their dependence on traders and moneylenders.
(R) Traders and moneylenders charged high interest rates on loans, which tribal groups could not repay, leading to debt and loss of land.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: How Did Colonial Rule Affect Tribal Lives?

41. (A) The British colonial rule led to the loss of administrative power and authority among tribal chiefs.
(R) The British imposed laws that required tribal chiefs to pay tribute and discipline their people on behalf of the British.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: How Did Colonial Rule Affect Tribal Lives?

42. Why did the British allow jhum cultivators to continue shifting cultivation in some parts of the forest despite initial efforts to settle them?

a. Jhum cultivators agreed to pay higher taxes.

b. Settled cultivation was highly successful in all areas.

c. Shifting cultivation was banned everywhere.

d. Plough cultivation failed due to unsuitable conditions.

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Category: Impact on Tribal Chiefs

43. Which of the following responsibilities were tribal chiefs forced to take up under British rule?

a. Making laws independently.

b. Disciplining tribal groups for the British. \� Controlling forest management entirely.

c. Managing their own police force.

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Category: Impact on Tribal Chiefs

44. How did the economic status of tribal chiefs change under British rule?

a. They gained full economic independence and increased wealth.

b. They were required to pay tribute to the British.

c. They lost all their land titles and economic resources.

d. They were exempted from any form of taxation.

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Category: British reduced their powers.

45. What was one major change in the powers of tribal chiefs under British rule?

a. They gained full control over their territories.

b. They lost their administrative power and authority.

c. They were given complete independence to rule.

d. They retained all their traditional functions.

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Category: British reduced their powers.

46. What happened to the economic power of tribal chiefs under British rule?

a. They were allowed to keep their land titles but lost much of their economic power.

b. They gained more economic power through British support.

c. They lost all their land holdings completely.

d. They were given unlimited rights to collect taxes.

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Category: Forced to follow British laws and pay tribute.

47. (A) Tribal chiefs lost their administrative power under British rule.
(R) The British forced tribal chiefs to follow their laws and pay tribute.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Forced to follow British laws and pay tribute.

48. Under British colonial rule, what was one of the primary changes in the role of tribal chiefs?

a. They gained more control over local laws

b. They retained all their administrative powers

c. They were allowed to keep their land titles but lost administrative power

d. They became independent from British influence

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Category: Lost authority over their own people.

49. What was one of the key changes in the role of tribal chiefs during British rule?

a. They were allowed to create their own laws

b. They were forced to pay tribute to the British

c. They became completely independent

d. They gained more land titles

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Category: Lost authority over their own people.

50. What was one of the economic changes experienced by tribal chiefs under British rule?

a. They were given complete control over all economic resources in their territories.

b. They lost their land titles and were forbidden from renting out lands.

c. They retained their land titles but had to pay tribute to the British.

d. They were granted new economic powers to levy taxes independently.

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Category: Shifting Cultivators and British Rule

51. What did the British want tribal groups to become?

a. Hunter-gatherers

b. Peasant cultivators

c. Forest villagers

d. Nomadic traders

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Category: Shifting Cultivators and British Rule

52. (A) The British wanted tribal groups to settle down and become peasant cultivators because settled peasants were easier to control and administer.
(R) Settled peasants provided a regular revenue source for the state, which was essential for British colonial administration.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: British wanted tribals to adopt settled farming.

53. What was one major challenge faced by jhum cultivators when they took up plough cultivation under British rule?

a. Excessive rainfall damaged their crops

b. Their fields did not produce good yields

c. They were forced to pay high taxes

d. They lost ownership of their land

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Category: British wanted tribals to adopt settled farming.

54. Why did jhum cultivators in north-east India resist the British efforts to enforce settled plough cultivation?

a. They lacked the knowledge of plough cultivation

b. Plough cultivation was more profitable than jhum cultivation

c. The soil and water conditions were unsuitable for plough cultivation

d. The British provided incentives for adopting plough cultivation

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Category: Introduced land revenue settlements.

55. (A) The British introduced land revenue settlements to ensure a regular revenue source for the state.
(R) Land revenue settlements allowed the British to control and administer tribal groups more effectively.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Introduced land revenue settlements.

56. (A) The British introduced land revenue settlements to define the rights of individuals over land.
(R) The British wanted a regular revenue source for the state.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Many shifting cultivators suffered as land was infertile for settled farming.

57. (A) The British land settlement policy was successful in abandoning the traditional practice of shifting cultivation among the tribal communities in northeast India.
(R) The soil and water conditions in the northeast were unsuitable for settled plough cultivation, making it difficult for jhum cultivators to produce good yields.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Many shifting cultivators suffered as land was infertile for settled farming.

58. How did the British ultimately respond to the protests by jhum cultivators in north-east India?

a. They imposed stricter laws

b. They provided financial support

c. They allowed shifting cultivation in some areas

d. They relocated the cultivators

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Category: Forest Laws and Their Impact

59. What was the purpose of establishing forest villages by the Forest Department during the colonial period?

a. To provide education to tribal children

b. To ensure a regular supply of cheap labor

c. To promote tourism

d. To protect endangered species

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Category: Forest Laws and Their Impact

60. What was the main reason the British declared forests as state property?

a. To protect the tribal people's rights

b. To ensure conservation of wildlife

c. To exploit timber resources

d. To promote jhum cultivation

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Category: British declared forests as state property.

61. Why did many jhum cultivators have to move to other areas during British rule?

a. Due to natural disasters

b. To find better educational opportunities

c. Restrictions on forest access and jhum cultivation \�To escape wars and conflicts

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Category: British declared forests as state property.

62. How did the British Forest Laws affect the traditional practices of tribal communities in India?

a. Allowed unrestricted access to forests for all activities

b. Banned jhum cultivation, hunting, and gathering in Reserved Forests

c. Provided financial compensation to tribal communities

d. Encouraged tribal communities to expand jhum cultivation

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Category: Reserved forests restricted tribals from collecting forest products.

63. What was one major consequence of the British declaring forests as state property and restricting tribal access?

a. Increased agricultural productivity in tribal areas

b. Enhanced tribal control over forest resources

c. Forced migration of tribals in search of work \� Improved living conditions for tribal communities

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Category: Reserved forests restricted tribals from collecting forest products.

64. What does the song from Verrier Elwin’s account reveal about the economic impact of British colonial rule on the Baigas?

a. The Baigas prospered under British taxation policies \Item The Baigas were exempt from all forms of taxation

b. The Baigas faced severe economic hardships due to heavy taxes

c. The Baigas received financial support from the British government

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Category: British introduced forest villages where tribals had to work as laborers.

65. What condition was imposed on tribal people living in forest villages established by the British?

a. They had to pay taxes to the British government

b. They were required to provide labor to the Forest Department

c. They had to convert to Christianity

d. They were not allowed to cultivate any crops

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Category: British introduced forest villages where tribals had to work as laborers.

66. What activity were tribal people not allowed to practice in Reserved Forests?

a. Move freely

b. Build houses

c. Trade with other tribes

d. Practice jhum cultivation

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Category: Forced Labor and Plantation Work

67. How many workers died every year in the coal mines of India during the 1920s?

a. 500

b. 1,000

c. 1,500

d. 2,000

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Category: Forced Labor and Plantation Work

68. In which industries were tribals recruited in large numbers during the colonial period?

a. Agriculture and Textiles

b. Tea Plantations and Coal Mines

c. Fishing and Forestry

d. Construction and Railways

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Category: Tribals recruited for tea plantations in Assam and coal mines in Jharkhand.

69. What was one of the major reasons for the high mortality rate among tribals working in coal mines during the 1920s?

a. Unsanitary living conditions

b. Lack of medical facilities

c. Dangerous working conditions in mines

d. Low wages paid by contractors

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Category: Tribals recruited for tea plantations in Assam and coal mines in Jharkhand.

70. (A) Tribals recruited for tea plantations in Assam and coal mines in Jharkhand were paid fair wages by the contractors.
(R) The contractors ensured that the tribals could return home whenever they wished.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Low wages and poor living conditions.

71. How were tribal workers recruited for work in tea plantations and mines during colonial rule?

a. Through government agencies offering fair wages

b. Through contractors who paid low wages

c. Directly by plantation owners with good benefits

d. Through voluntary recruitment drives

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Category: Low wages and poor living conditions.

72. (A) Tribals working in coal mines during colonial rule faced extremely poor living conditions and low wages.
(R) Contractors recruited tribals for mining jobs, paid them low wages, and often prevented them from returning home.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Tribals and the Market Economy

73. What was the main reason tribal groups became dependent on traders and moneylenders?

a. They wanted to expand their businesses

b. They needed goods not produced locally

c. They preferred trading over farming

d. They were forced by colonial rulers

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Category: Tribals and the Market Economy

74. Tribal communities often relied on traders and moneylenders for goods and cash needs. What was the primary reason for their increasing debt and poverty under colonial rule?

a. High wages from tea plantations

b. Lack of access to local markets

c. Exorbitant interest rates on loans

d. Government subsidies for tribals

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Category: Tribals forced to grow cash crops like lac and silk.

75. What was one of the primary reasons the British declared forests as state property?

a. To protect wildlife from poaching

b. To ensure a steady supply of timber for British needs

c. To promote sustainable agriculture among tribal groups

d. To encourage tribal people to practice jhum cultivation

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Category: Tribals forced to grow cash crops like lac and silk.

76. Why did many tribal groups see traders as their main enemies during the colonial period?

a. Traders provided fair wages to tribal workers

b. Traders helped tribal groups establish their own businesses

c. Traders exploited tribal groups by paying them very little for their produce

d. Traders encouraged tribal groups to migrate to cities

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Category: Santhals in Jharkhand grew silk cocoons for European markets.

77. How much were the Santhal silk growers paid for a thousand cocoons by the traders during the colonial period?

a. `\$1` to `\$2`

b. `\$3` to `\$4`

c. `\$5` to `\$6`

d. `\$7` to `\$8`

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Category: Santhals in Jharkhand grew silk cocoons for European markets.

78. Santhals in Jharkhand were paid \3 to \4 for a thousand silk cocoons by traders. These cocoons were then sold at five times the price in Burdwan or Gaya. If a trader sold 5000 cocoons, what was the approximate profit made by the middlemen?

a. \60

b. \65

c. \70

d. \75

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Category: Middlemen made huge profits while tribals remained poor.

79. (A) The middlemen in the silk trade during the colonial period made huge profits by exploiting the tribal silk growers.
(R) The middlemen paid the tribal silk growers very little for their cocoons and sold them at much higher prices in distant markets.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Middlemen made huge profits while tribals remained poor.

80. In which region did the Santhals rear cocoons for silk production during the eighteenth century?

a. Burdwan

b. Gaya

c. Hazaribagh

d. Jharkhand

81 / 102

Category: The search for work

81. (A) In the 1920s, tribals constituted about 50\% of the miners in the Jharia and Raniganj coal mines of Bihar.
(R) Tribals were recruited in large numbers to work in the coal mines because they were paid well and allowed to return home.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

82 / 102

Category: The search for work

82. In the late 19th century, what was a significant reason tribal workers were unable to return home from tea plantations and coal mines?

a. Contractors provided high wages and allowed them to return home

b. Government policies restricted their movement

c. Tribals voluntarily chose to stay away from home

d. Contractors paid low wages and prevented them from returning home

83 / 102

Category: The problem with trade

83. In the 18th century, Indian silk exports increased rapidly due to high demand in European markets. If the export quantity doubled every 5 years, starting with 1,000 tons in 1750, what was the export quantity in 1760?

a. 2,000 tons

b. 3,000 tons

c. 4,000 tons

d. 5,000 tons

84 / 102

Category: The problem with trade

84. (A) Tribal groups often needed to buy and sell goods that were not produced within their locality.
(R) This led to their dependence on traders and moneylenders, who often exploited them.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

85 / 102

Category: Tribal Rebellions Against British Rule

85. (A) Birsa Munda’s movement aimed to establish a Munda Raj by driving out missionaries, moneylenders, landlords, and the British government.
(R) Birsa Munda saw these forces as the cause of the misery faced by the Mundas.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

86 / 102

Category: Tribal Rebellions Against British Rule

86. (A) Birsa Munda's movement was primarily aimed at establishing a Munda Raj under his leadership.

(R) Birsa Munda urged his followers to recover their glorious past and drive out missionaries, moneylenders, landlords, and the government.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

87 / 102

Category: Resistance Against Colonial Policies

87. (A) The British forest laws directly led to the displacement of tribal communities from their traditional habitats.
(R) The British classified forests as state property and restricted tribal activities like jhum cultivation, hunting, and gathering, forcing them to seek livelihoods elsewhere.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

88 / 102

Category: Resistance Against Colonial Policies

88. What was the primary political aim of Birsa Munda's movement against British rule?

a. To integrate tribal communities into mainstream Indian society

b. To establish a Munda Raj with Birsa as its leader

c. To promote Christianity among tribal communities

d. To seek employment opportunities under the British government

89 / 102

Category: Kols Rebellion (1831–32): Protest against British interference in their lands.

89. (A) The Kols Rebellion of 1831–32 was primarily a response to the British interference in their agricultural practices and land rights.
(R) The British policies during this period led to widespread displacement and exploitation of tribal communities, forcing them into labor in tea plantations and mines.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

90 / 102

Category: Santhal Revolt (1855–56): Led against British revenue policies.

90. What was the primary cause of the Santhal Revolt (1855–56)?

a. Religious discrimination by the British

b. Introduction of railways by the British

c. Oppressive land revenue policies

d. Ban on tribal festivals

91 / 102

Category: Bastar Rebellion (1910): Revolt against forest laws.

91. Which of the following best explains why the Bastar Rebellion is considered a significant event in the history of tribal resistance against British rule?

a. It led to the abolition of all British forest laws

b. It was the first rebellion against British rule in India

c. It marked a large-scale, organized resistance against oppressive forest laws

d. It resulted in the independence of Bastar from British rule

92 / 102

Category: Warli Revolt (1940): Resistance against moneylenders and landlords.

92. (A) The Warli Revolt of 1940 was primarily directed against the British colonial government.
(R) The British colonial policies directly exploited the Warlis by imposing heavy taxes on their lands.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

93 / 102

Category: The Birsa Munda Movement

93. (A) Birsa Munda’s movement aimed at driving out missionaries, moneylenders, landlords, and the government to establish a Munda Raj.
(R) The British land policies were destroying the traditional land system of the Mundas, leading to their oppression.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

94 / 102

Category: Vision of a Golden Age

94. (A) Birsa Munda aimed to free the tribal people from the exploitation by dikus.
(R) The dikus, including British rulers, traders, and moneylenders, disrupted the traditional way of life and livelihoods of the tribals.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

95 / 102

Category: Political Aims of the Movement

95. What was the primary political aim of the Birsa Munda movement as perceived by the British officials?

a. To promote Christianity among the Mundas

b. To establish a golden age through agricultural reforms

c. To drive out dikus and set up a Munda Raj

d. To create a separate state for the Mundas

96 / 102

Category: Revolt Against the British (1895–1900)

96. (A) Birsa Munda urged his followers to recover their glorious past and establish a Munda Raj.
(R) Birsa believed that the Mundas could regain their lost rights by driving out missionaries, moneylenders, landlords, and the British government.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

97 / 102

Category: Birsa was captured and died in jail (1900).

97. (A) The Birsa Munda Movement led to the introduction of laws protecting tribal lands from dikus.
(R) The movement demonstrated the capacity of tribal people to protest against injustice and express their anger against colonial rule.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

98 / 102

Category: Impact of the Birsa Munda Movement

98. How did the Birsa Munda movement influence the tribal communities' perception of their rights and resistance?

a. It encouraged them to accept colonial rule passively.

b. It inspired them to continue fighting for their rights and justice.

c. It led to the complete assimilation of tribal communities into mainstream society.

d. It resulted in the immediate end of all forms of oppression.

99 / 102

Category: British Introduced Land Laws

99. What was one of the main reasons for the Birsa Munda Movement?

a. Introduction of modern education

b. Spread of Christianity

c. Loss of tribal lands to dikus

d. Establishment of new industries

100 / 102

Category: Chotanagpur Tenancy Act (1908): Prevented tribals from losing land to outsiders.

100. What was the primary objective of the Chotanagpur Tenancy Act (1908)?

a. To promote industrial development in tribal areas

b. To ensure tribal participation in governance

c. To prevent tribals from losing land to outsiders

d. To encourage missionary activities in tribal regions

101 / 102

Category: Strengthened Tribal Identity

101. What did the white flag raised by Birsa’s followers symbolize during the movement?

a. Surrender to the British forces

b. A call for peace with dikus

c. The establishment of Birsa Raj and resistance against dikus and Europeans \� The adoption of European customs

102 / 102

Category: Inspired future tribal resistance movements.

102. What was one major impact of the Birsa Munda Movement on colonial laws?

a. It promoted the construction of new schools in tribal areas

b. It introduced laws to protect tribal lands from dikus

c. It led to the abolition of all taxes on tribals

d. It encouraged the migration of tribals to urban areas

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