Class 8 Social Science (Our Past III) Chapter 4 Tribals, Dikus And the Vision Of A Golden Age

In this quiz, students will explore the historical and social dynamics discussed in Chapter 4 of Class 8 Social Science (Our Past III), titled "Tribals, Dikus, and the Vision of a Golden Age." The chapter delves into the lives of tribal communities, their interactions with outsiders (referred to as 'Dikus'), and the impact of colonial rule on their traditions and way of life. It also examines the vision of a utopian golden age that many tribal communities sought as a means of resisting exploitation and cultural disruption. Through this quiz, students will gain a deeper understanding of the challenges faced by tribal people, including land alienation, forced labor, and the attempts to preserve their culture and autonomy. The quiz will assess knowledge on the historical events, key figures, and the socio-political movements that arose in response to these struggles. This assessment aims to reinforce the students' grasp of the chapter's themes while promoting critical thinking about the long-term effects of colonialism on indigenous populations.

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Category: Introduction

1. Why did tribal groups practicing jhum cultivation leave fields fallow for several years?

a. To avoid overpopulation in one area.

b. To prevent soil erosion.

c. To allow the soil to recover its fertility.

d. To reduce the need for manual labor.

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Category: Who was Birsa Munda?

2. Which of the following was a significant outcome of Birsa Munda's movement?

a. The establishment of a new religion

b. The introduction of laws protecting tribal lands

c. The complete eradication of dikus

d. The end of British colonial rule

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Category: Tribal leader from the Munda community in Chotanagpur (Jharkhand).

3. What was the primary political aim of Birsa Munda's movement in the late 19th century?

a. To convert all Mundas to Christianity

b. To establish a Munda Raj with Birsa as its leader

c. To seek more land from the British government

d. To create a new religion for the Mundas

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Category: Led a movement to free his people from the oppression of the dikus (outsiders).

4. What was Birsa Munda’s primary aim in leading the movement against the dikus?

a. To establish a Christian kingdom

b. To free his people from the oppression of dikus

c. To promote witchcraft and sorcery

d. To support British rule in Chottanagpur

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Category: Believed in restoring the tribal way of life.

5. Which of the following reforms did Birsa Munda advocate for within the tribal society?

a. Encouraging the consumption of alcohol

b. Promoting witchcraft as a solution to problems

c. Cleaning their villages and giving up liquor

d. Ignoring the cleanliness of their surroundings

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Category: Who were the Dikus?

6. Who were referred to as "dikus" by the tribal people?

a. Tribal leaders

b. Landlords, moneylenders, and British officials

c. Missionaries and traders

d. Local farmers

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Category: Term used by tribals for outsiders (moneylenders, traders, landlords, missionaries, British officials).

7. (A) The term "dikus" was used by tribals to refer to moneylenders, traders, landlords, missionaries, and British officials.
(R) Dikus were seen as outsiders who exploited the tribal people and disrupted their traditional way of life.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Seen as exploiters and destroyers of the tribal way of life.

8. What was the main objective of Birsa Munda's movement?

a. To promote Christianity among tribals

b. To establish a kingdom under Birsa's leadership

c. To support British land policies

d. To increase trade with Europeans

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Category: How Did Tribal Groups Live?

9. What was a significant social impact of settled cultivation among tribal groups like the Mundas of Chottanagpur?

a. It resulted in the complete disappearance of tribal identity.

b. It created a system where all members of the clan had equal rights over the land, leading to social equality.

c. It led to the emergence of powerful chiefs who rented out land, creating social inequalities.

d. It encouraged all tribal members to migrate to urban areas.

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Category: Different Occupations of Tribals

10. How did the British officials view settled tribal groups compared to shifting cultivators or hunter-gatherers?

a. As less productive and backward

b. As more civilised and advanced

c. As indifferent to land rights

d. As resistant to change

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Category: Jhum Cultivation (Shifting Cultivation)

11. What is the primary reason for burning vegetation in jhum cultivation?

a. To increase the oxygen level in the soil

b. To clear the land and fertilise the soil with potash

c. To scare away wild animals

d. To create smoke signals for communication

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Category: Practiced in forests, involved clearing land by burning vegetation.

12. (A) Jhum cultivation was sustainable because it allowed the soil to recover its fertility over time.
(R) The practice of leaving fields fallow for several years ensured that the soil regained its nutrients naturally.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Seeds scattered instead of ploughing.

13. What was the primary purpose of burning vegetation during jhum cultivation?

a. To remove pests and insects from the land

b. To clear the land and fertilise the soil

c. To create smoke signals for communication

d. To provide warmth during the cold seasons

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Category: Common in northeast and central India.

14. How did the practice of shifting cultivation help tribal groups maintain soil fertility in forested areas?

a. By using chemical fertilizers extensively.

b. By leaving the land fallow for several years after cultivation.

c. By continuously cultivating the same land every year.

d. By irrigating the land with water from nearby rivers.

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Category: Hunting and Gathering

15. Why were the Baigas of central India reluctant to work as labourers for others?

a. They had a surplus of forest produce

b. They considered it below their dignity

c. They were not physically capable of laborious work

d. They were not allowed by local authorities

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Category: Hunting and Gathering

16. (A) The Khonds depended on forests for their survival, as they used forest produce for food, medicine, and trade.
(R) The Khonds saw forests as essential because they provided all the resources necessary for their livelihood.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Khonds of Orissa were expert hunters and gatherers.

17. What was the primary source of food for the Khonds of Orissa?

a. Agriculture

b. Fishing

c. Hunting and gathering

d. Trading

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Category: Khonds of Orissa were expert hunters and gatherers.

18. What was a unique feature of the Khonds' hunting practices that distinguished them from other tribal groups?

a. They hunted alone and kept all the meat for themselves

b. They traded hunted animals with neighboring tribes

c. They practiced collective hunts and shared the meat equally

d. They avoided hunting and relied solely on gathering forest produce

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Category: Collected forest products (fruits, roots, medicinal herbs).

19. According to Verrier Elwin, what activity did Baiga women perform during the Chait month?

a. Cutting large trees

b. Gathering fruits like sago and tamarind

c. Collecting roots or kanda and mahua seeds

d. Going on ritual hunts

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Category: Collected forest products (fruits, roots, medicinal herbs).

20. (A) The Khonds relied on the forest for their sustenance and livelihood, including hunting, gathering, and selling forest produce.
(R) The forests provided essential resources such as fruits, roots, medicinal herbs, and materials like kusum and palash flowers, which were vital for the Khonds' survival and economic activities.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Sold produce in local markets or exchanged goods.

21. (A) Tribal groups often sold forest produce in local markets to obtain goods they could not produce themselves.
(R) This practice made them dependent on traders and moneylenders, leading to debt and poverty.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Sold produce in local markets or exchanged goods.

22. Why did tribal groups often view traders and moneylenders as evil outsiders?

a. Because they provided free goods and services

b. By helping them escape poverty

c. Sold goods at high prices and charged high interest

d. Encouraged tribal self-sufficiency

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Category: Herding and Animal Rearing

23. Which tribal group from Andhra Pradesh is associated with herding animals?

a. Van Gujjars

b. Labadis

c. Gaddis

d. Bakarwals

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Category: Herding and Animal Rearing

24. How did the lifestyle of pastoralist tribes like the Gaddis differ from that of agricultural communities?

a. They cultivated crops in permanent settlements

b. They moved seasonally with their herds

c. They traded spices with neighboring regions

d. They built permanent houses in forest areas

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Category: Van Gujjars (Punjab), Gaddis (Himachal), Bakarwals (Kashmir) raised livestock.

25. Which of the following tribal groups practiced seasonal migration with their herds in search of fresh grazing lands?

a. Van Gujjars and Labadis

b. Gaddis and Bakarwals

c. Bakarwals and Labadis

d. Van Gujjars, Gaddis, and Bakarwals

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Category: Van Gujjars (Punjab), Gaddis (Himachal), Bakarwals (Kashmir) raised livestock.

26. (A) The Van Gujjars of Punjab and the Bakarwals of Kashmir were primarily involved in herding cattle and goats respectively, moving seasonally in search of fresh pastures.
(R) Seasonal migration allowed pastoralists to ensure their livestock had access to fresh grass and water, which was essential for their survival.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Settled Cultivation

27. (A) The Mundas of Chottanagpur practiced settled cultivation, and the land belonged to the clan as a whole.
(R) All members of the Munda clan were regarded as descendants of the original settlers, who had first cleared the land, giving them collective rights over it.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Settled Cultivation

28. How did British officials view settled tribal groups compared to hunter-gatherers or shifting cultivators?

a. As more savage

b. As less civilised

c. As more civilised

d. As equally civilised

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Category: Some tribes took up plough cultivation.

29. How did British officials view settled tribal groups compared to hunter-gatherers or shifting cultivators?

a. As less civilized \div As more civilized

b. As equally civilized

c. As technologically advanced

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Category: Some tribes took up plough cultivation.

30. What was the British perception of settled tribal groups like the Gonds and Santhals compared to hunter-gatherers or shifting cultivators?

a. They were seen as less productive than hunter-gatherers.

b. They were regarded as more civilised and advanced.

c. They were considered equal to hunter-gatherers in terms of civilisation.

d. They were perceived as a threat to British authority.

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Category: Mundas of Chotanagpur viewed land as belonging to the entire clan.

31. Why did the Mundas of Chotanagpur transition from shifting cultivation to settled cultivation by using the plough?

a. The plough was introduced by colonial rulers.

b. Shifting cultivation became illegal.

c. It allowed them to cultivate fields in one place year after year.

d. They wanted to abandon their traditional practices.

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Category: Mundas of Chotanagpur viewed land as belonging to the entire clan.

32. The Mundas of Chotanagpur viewed land as belonging to the entire clan. What was the primary reason for this belief?

a. The land was too vast for individual ownership.

b. They wanted to prevent external invasions.

c. All members were descendants of the original settlers who cleared the land.

d. The government mandated communal land ownership.

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Category: Tribal Dependence on Traders and Moneylenders

33. What was the main reason tribal silk growers earned very little from their produce?

a. High demand for Indian silk

b. Exploitation by middlemen

c. Increased production costs

d. Low quality of cocoons

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Category: Tribal Dependence on Traders and Moneylenders

34. (A) The silk growers in Hazaribagh were paid significantly lower prices for their cocoons compared to the market value.
(R) The traders and middlemen exploited the tribal silk growers by paying them minimal amounts and making huge profits from the resale of the cocoons.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Tribals needed to buy grains and goods not produced in forests.

35. How did tribal groups primarily meet their cash needs?

a. By exchanging forest produce

b. By working as labourers in villages

c. By taking loans from moneylenders

d. By selling goods at high prices

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Category: Tribals needed to buy grains and goods not produced in forests.

36. From where did tribal groups get their supplies of rice and other grains?

a. By selling forest produce to traders at high prices

b. By exchanging goods or purchasing them with their earnings

c. By borrowing money from moneylenders

d. By working exclusively as farmers in their own lands

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Category: Traders charged high prices, moneylenders gave loans at high interest rates.

37. How much were silk growers paid for a thousand cocoons in Hazaribagh?

a. ` 10 to ` 15

b. ` 3 to ` 4

c. ` 5 to ` 6

d. ` 20 to ` 25

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Category: Traders charged high prices, moneylenders gave loans at high interest rates.

38. Why did tribal groups often depend on traders and moneylenders?

a. To access goods not produced locally

b. To avoid working for wages

c. To learn new farming techniques

d. To escape from their communities

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Category: Resulted in debt and land loss.

39. Why did tribal groups become dependent on traders and moneylenders?

a. To buy luxury items

b. To get goods not produced locally

c. To avoid working as laborers

d. To build roads and carry loads

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Category: Resulted in debt and land loss.

40. Why were the Baigas of central India reluctant to work as labourers for others?

a. They lacked the skills required for labour work

b. They considered labour work beneath their dignity

c. They were already wealthy and did not need work

d. They preferred trading over manual labour

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Category: How Did Colonial Rule Affect Tribal Lives?

41. What was a significant consequence of the British declaring forests as state property?

a. Tribal people gained unrestricted access to forest resources

b. Jhum cultivation became more widespread and successful

c. Many tribal people were forced to move out in search of livelihood

d. The British completely banned all forms of cultivation in forests

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Category: How Did Colonial Rule Affect Tribal Lives?

42. (A) Under British rule, tribal chiefs lost their administrative powers and were forced to follow laws made by British officials.
(R) The British wanted to centralize control over tribal territories and ensure regular revenue collection.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Impact on Tribal Chiefs

43. Which of the following best describes the change in the role of tribal chiefs under British rule?

a. They gained more administrative power and control over their territories.

b. They retained their land titles but lost most of their administrative power.

c. They became completely independent from any external control.

d. They were given full authority to make laws for their territories.

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Category: Impact on Tribal Chiefs

44. How did the economic status of tribal chiefs change under British rule?

a. They gained full economic independence and increased wealth.

b. They were required to pay tribute to the British.

c. They lost all their land titles and economic resources.

d. They were exempted from any form of taxation.

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Category: British reduced their powers.

45. What did British rule require tribal chiefs to do regarding tribal groups?

a. They were asked to lead rebellions against the British.

b. They were required to discipline tribal groups on behalf of the British.

c. They were allowed to ignore British laws.

d. They were given full freedom to govern tribal groups independently.

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Category: British reduced their powers.

46. What was one major change in the powers of tribal chiefs under British rule?

a. They gained full control over their territories.

b. They lost their administrative power and authority.

c. They were given complete independence to rule.

d. They retained all their traditional functions.

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Category: Forced to follow British laws and pay tribute.

47. How did the enforcement of British laws affect the traditional functions of tribal chiefs?

a. It enhanced their ability to govern independently

b. It allowed them to expand their territories

c. It restricted their traditional functions and authority

d. It encouraged them to adopt British cultural practices

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Category: Forced to follow British laws and pay tribute.

48. (A) Under British rule, tribal chiefs were allowed to retain their land titles and rent out lands but lost their administrative power.
(R) The British wanted to centralize control and ensure that the tribal chiefs disciplined tribal groups on their behalf.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Lost authority over their own people.

49. How did the authority of tribal chiefs change under British rule?

a. They gained more authority over their people

b. They retained all their traditional functions

c. They lost authority over their own people

d. They were allowed to make independent decisions

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Category: Lost authority over their own people.

50. (A) Tribal chiefs lost much of their administrative power during British rule.
(R) The British forced tribal chiefs to follow laws made by British officials and pay tribute to them.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Shifting Cultivators and British Rule

51. How did the British ensure a regular supply of cheap labour for the Forest Department?

a. By paying high wages to tribal workers

b. By allowing tribals to own large forest areas

c. By giving jhum cultivators small patches of land in exchange for labour

d. By stopping all forms of cultivation in forests

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Category: Shifting Cultivators and British Rule

52. (A) The British introduced land settlements to make tribal groups easier to control.
(R) Settled peasants were easier to administer than shifting cultivators.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: British wanted tribals to adopt settled farming.

53. (A) The British wanted to settle tribal groups to make them easier to control and administer.
(R) Settled peasants were easier to control and administer than people who were always on the move.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: British wanted tribals to adopt settled farming.

54. Why did the British introduce land settlements in tribal areas?

a. To encourage tribal people to continue shifting cultivation

b. To make tribal groups easier to control and administer

c. To promote traditional jhum cultivation practices

d. To reduce the number of landowners in tribal areas

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Category: Introduced land revenue settlements.

55. Why did jhum cultivators in north-east India insist on continuing their traditional practice despite British efforts to settle them?

a. They were not familiar with plough cultivation

b. Plough cultivation required too much labor

c. Their fields did not produce good yields with plough cultivation

d. They wanted to avoid paying taxes

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Category: Introduced land revenue settlements.

56. Under the British land revenue settlements, who was responsible for paying rent to the landowners?

a. Landowners

b. Tenants

c. Tribal chiefs

d. The British government

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Category: Many shifting cultivators suffered as land was infertile for settled farming.

57. Why did many jhum cultivators suffer when they took to plough cultivation under British rule?

a. Due to excessive rainfall

b. Because plough cultivation required less effort

c. Their fields did not produce good yields

d. They were given fertile land

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Category: Many shifting cultivators suffered as land was infertile for settled farming.

58. What was the primary reason for jhum cultivators insisting on continuing their traditional practice despite British efforts?

a. Fear of British punishment

b. Poor yields from plough cultivation

c. Religious beliefs

d. Lack of modern tools

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Category: Forest Laws and Their Impact

59. Why did many tribal groups see the market and traders as their main enemies during the nineteenth century?

a. Traders forced them to move out of their forests

b. Traders provided them with better opportunities for employment

c. Traders exploited them by buying produce at low prices and making huge profits

d. Traders helped them improve their standard of living

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Category: Forest Laws and Their Impact

60. Why were jhum cultivators forced to move to other areas during the colonial period?

a. Due to natural disasters

b. Because of better job opportunities

c. Restrictions imposed by forest laws

d. Due to increased population

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Category: British declared forests as state property.

61. Why did the British establish forest villages in colonial India?

a. To promote conservation efforts in forests

b. To provide permanent housing for tribal communities

c. To ensure a supply of cheap labour for forestry operations

d. To encourage tourism in forest areas

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Category: British declared forests as state property.

62. (A) The British declared forests as state property to control timber production and restrict tribal activities.
(R) The British needed a regular supply of cheap labour for the Forest Department, which led to the establishment of forest villages.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Reserved forests restricted tribals from collecting forest products.

63. How did the restriction on jhum cultivation affect tribal communities under British rule?

a. It improved their agricultural practices

b. It led to the growth of urban settlements

c. They were forced to move in search of work

d. It increased forest cover

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Category: Reserved forests restricted tribals from collecting forest products.

64. Why did the Forest Department establish forest villages?

a. To provide education to tribals

b. To promote forest conservation

c. To offer healthcare services

d. To secure cheap labor

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Category: British introduced forest villages where tribals had to work as laborers.

65. How did the British forest laws affect the traditional lifestyle of tribal groups?

a. They allowed tribals to continue their traditional practices

b. They restricted traditional practices like jhum cultivation and hunting

c. They provided tribals with more land for cultivation

d. They encouraged tribals to settle in cities

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Category: British introduced forest villages where tribals had to work as laborers.

66. What was the primary reason the British established forest villages?

a. To provide land for agriculture

b. To ensure a regular supply of cheap labour

c. To protect wildlife

d. To promote tribal culture

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Category: Forced Labor and Plantation Work

67. What was the role of contractors in the recruitment of tribals for work during the colonial period?

a. They provided fair wages and good working conditions.

b. They recruited tribals, paid low wages, and prevented them from returning home.

c. They helped tribals find better jobs in cities.

d. They ensured tribals had access to education and healthcare.

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Category: Forced Labor and Plantation Work

68. (A) Tribals were recruited in large numbers to work at tea plantations and coal mines during colonial rule.
(R) Contractors paid tribals high wages and allowed them to return home frequently.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Tribals recruited for tea plantations in Assam and coal mines in Jharkhand.

69. How were tribals recruited for work in tea plantations and coal mines during colonial rule?

a. Through government officials

b. Through contractors who paid low wages

c. Directly by plantation and mine owners

d. Through voluntary employment agencies

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Category: Tribals recruited for tea plantations in Assam and coal mines in Jharkhand.

70. (A) Tribals were recruited in large numbers to work at the tea plantations of Assam and the coal mines of Jharkhand.
(R) They were paid high wages and allowed to return home frequently.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Low wages and poor living conditions.

71. What was a significant reason for the high mortality rate among tribal workers in the coal mines during the 1920s?

a. Lack of medical facilities

b. Poor ventilation and unsafe working conditions

c. High cost of living

d. Lack of education among workers

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Category: Low wages and poor living conditions.

72. How much were silk growers paid for a thousand cocoons in Hazaribagh during the colonial period?

a. `1 to `2

b. `3 to `4

c. `5 to `6

d. `7 to `8

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Category: Tribals and the Market Economy

73. What was a major consequence of tribals being recruited for work in tea plantations and coal mines?

a. They were paid high wages and allowed to return home frequently.

b. They enjoyed improved living conditions and job security.

c. They faced low wages, harsh conditions, and high mortality rates.

d. They were given government benefits and pensions.

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Category: Tribals and the Market Economy

74. Why did tribal groups often fall into debt under colonial rule?

a. They produced all their needs locally and did not require loans.

b. They were given low-interest loans by the British government.

c. They were forced to pay high taxes without any income.

d. They relied on traders and moneylenders who charged high prices and interest.

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Category: Tribals forced to grow cash crops like lac and silk.

75. (A) The British colonial rule forced tribal groups to grow cash crops like silk to meet the demand in European markets.
(R) The East India Company encouraged silk production because Indian silk was highly valued in European markets.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Tribals forced to grow cash crops like lac and silk.

76. What was one of the main reasons tribal groups saw traders as their enemies during colonial rule?

a. Traders provided fair wages for labor

b. Traders helped in improving tribal agriculture

c. Traders exploited them by paying low prices and making high profits

d. Traders introduced new farming techniques

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Category: Santhals in Jharkhand grew silk cocoons for European markets.

77. (A) The Santhals in Jharkhand grew silk cocoons primarily for the European markets.
(R) Indian silk was in high demand in European markets during the eighteenth century.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

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Category: Santhals in Jharkhand grew silk cocoons for European markets.

78. Which of the following best describes the impact of colonial trade policies on tribal groups like the Santhals?

a. They benefited from increased access to European markets.

b. Their traditional economy was disrupted, leading to exploitation and hardship.

c. They gained control over the silk trade and became wealthy.

d. The East India Company provided them with fair wages and resources.

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Category: Middlemen made huge profits while tribals remained poor.

79. How did the economic practices of traders and middlemen affect the lives of tribal silk growers in Hazaribagh?

a. They became wealthy due to high profits from silk trade.

b. They experienced financial independence and growth.

c. They remained poor due to unfair trade practices.

d. They migrated to urban areas for better opportunities.

80 / 102

Category: Middlemen made huge profits while tribals remained poor.

80. In the context of the silk trade during the 18th century, what was the primary role of the East India Company?

a. To discourage silk production among tribals

b. To directly purchase cocoons from tribals at fair prices

c. To encourage silk production to meet European demand

d. To reduce the involvement of middlemen in the silk trade

81 / 102

Category: The search for work

81. What was a significant hazard faced by tribal workers in the coal mines of Jharia and Raniganj during the 1920s?

a. High wages and good living conditions

b. Long working hours without breaks

c. Safe and well-ventilated working environments

d. New safety regulations introduced by the government

82 / 102

Category: The search for work

82. What was the approximate annual death rate of workers in the coal mines of India during the 1920s?

a. Around 500 workers

b. Over 2,000 workers

c. Approximately 1,000 workers

d. Less than 100 workers

83 / 102

Category: The problem with trade

83. What was the main reason tribal groups saw traders and moneylenders as their enemies?

a. They provided essential goods at fair prices.

b. They offered loans with low interest rates.

c. They bought goods at high prices.

d. They were seen as evil outsiders causing misery.

84 / 102

Category: The problem with trade

84. What was the economic impact of colonial trade practices on silk growers in Hazaribagh?

a. They earned substantial profits from silk exports

b. They were exploited and earned very little from their produce

c. They became independent traders of silk

d. They shifted to other agricultural activities

85 / 102

Category: Tribal Rebellions Against British Rule

85. What was the primary political aim of the Birsa Munda movement against British rule?

a. To establish a Christian kingdom

b. To create a separate state for tribals

c. To reform tribal society without opposing the British

d. To establish a Munda Raj with Birsa as its leader

86 / 102

Category: Tribal Rebellions Against British Rule

86. What was the primary reason for Birsa Munda\'s movement against the British and dikus in the late 19th century?

a. To promote Christianity among the tribals

b. To establish a new trade route with the British

c. To protest against the destruction of traditional land systems and exploitation by dikus

d. To create a separate state for tribals

87 / 102

Category: Resistance Against Colonial Policies

87. What was one of the main reasons the British declared forests as state property?

a. To protect tribal culture

b. To ensure free access to forest resources for all

c. To control timber resources for their use

d. To promote jhum cultivation

88 / 102

Category: Resistance Against Colonial Policies

88. What was the primary political aim of Birsa Munda's movement against British rule?

a. To integrate tribal communities into mainstream Indian society

b. To establish a Munda Raj with Birsa as its leader

c. To promote Christianity among tribal communities

d. To seek employment opportunities under the British government

89 / 102

Category: Kols Rebellion (1831–32): Protest against British interference in their lands.

89. (A) The Kols Rebellion of 1831–32 was primarily a response to the British interference in their agricultural practices and land rights.
(R) The British policies during this period led to widespread displacement and exploitation of tribal communities, forcing them into labor in tea plantations and mines.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

90 / 102

Category: Santhal Revolt (1855–56): Led against British revenue policies.

90. Who were the leaders of the Santhal Revolt (1855–56)?

a. Birsa Munda and Tilka Manjhi

b. Sidhu and Kanhu

c. Rani Lakshmibai and Tantia Tope

d. Mangal Pandey and Nana Sahib

91 / 102

Category: Bastar Rebellion (1910): Revolt against forest laws.

91. Why did the British establish forest villages?

a. To educate tribal children

b. To promote tribal culture and traditions

c. To ensure a regular supply of cheap labor

d. To conduct research on forest resources

92 / 102

Category: Warli Revolt (1940): Resistance against moneylenders and landlords.

92. What was one of the major issues faced by the Warli tribe that led to the revolt in 1940?

a. Lack of access to education

b. Loss of land to moneylenders and landlords \restriction on traditional hunting practices

c. Introduction of new religious practices

93 / 102

Category: The Birsa Munda Movement

93. Which of the following practices did Birsa Munda urge his followers to stop?

a. Practising agriculture

b. Drinking liquor and believing in witchcraft

c. Constructing embankments

d. Tapping natural springs

94 / 102

Category: Vision of a Golden Age

94. During the 19th and 20th centuries, various tribal groups rebelled against the British rule for different reasons. Which of the following was a common cause for these rebellions?

a. Introduction of modern education

b. Exploitation by traders and moneylenders

c. Expansion of infrastructure

d. Establishment of new educational institutions

95 / 102

Category: Political Aims of the Movement

95. Which significant outcome resulted from the Birsa Munda Movement?

a. Increased taxation on tribals

b. Introduction of laws to protect tribal lands \�u00a0\> Expansion of missionary activities

c. Establishment of British rule in tribal areas

96 / 102

Category: Revolt Against the British (1895–1900)

96. What significant change did the Birsa Munda movement force the colonial government to introduce?

a. Abolition of missionary schools \introduction of laws protecting tribal land

b. Establishment of new jails

c. Increase in taxes on tribal people

97 / 102

Category: Birsa was captured and died in jail (1900).

97. What was the primary reason for the British government's decision to arrest Birsa Munda in 1895?

a. To suppress the religious practices of the Mundas

b. To stop the spread of cholera among the tribal population

c. To eliminate the threat posed by Birsa's political movement

d. To encourage the Mundas to adopt European farming techniques

98 / 102

Category: Impact of the Birsa Munda Movement

98. (A) Birsa Munda's movement aimed to establish a Munda Raj by driving out missionaries, moneylenders, landlords, and the British government.
(R) The movement identified these forces as the cause of the misery faced by the Mundas.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

99 / 102

Category: British Introduced Land Laws

99. (A) The Birsa Munda movement was significant because it forced the colonial government to introduce laws protecting tribal lands.
(R) The movement’s actions directly led to the British enacting legislation to prevent the exploitation of tribal land by dikus.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

100 / 102

Category: Chotanagpur Tenancy Act (1908): Prevented tribals from losing land to outsiders.

100. What was one of the key outcomes of the Birsa Munda Movement that directly impacted land ownership in tribal areas?

a. Introduction of new tax policies for tribals

b. Legalization of jhum cultivation practices

c. Protection of tribal land from non-tribal acquisition

d. Establishment of new tribal kingdoms

101 / 102

Category: Strengthened Tribal Identity

101. (A) The Birsa Munda movement was primarily aimed at restoring the traditional land system of the tribals.
(R) The British land policies and the encroachment by dikus had severely disrupted the tribal land ownership patterns.

a. Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.

b. Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion.

c. Assertion is true, but Reason is false.

d. Assertion is false, but Reason is true.

102 / 102

Category: Inspired future tribal resistance movements.

102. What was one major impact of the Birsa Munda Movement on colonial laws?

a. It promoted the construction of new schools in tribal areas

b. It introduced laws to protect tribal lands from dikus

c. It led to the abolition of all taxes on tribals

d. It encouraged the migration of tribals to urban areas

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